The resolution of the Kurdish Problem is part and parcel of Turkey’s democratization and vice versa. Despite claims made by the AKP government that the process is close to resolution, there have been limited concrete and practical gains. According to the author, the Peace Process requires a historical understanding of the key dynamics of the conflict, the opportunity for dialogue, and a transparent negotiation process. The author presents democratic autonomy as an idea that goes beyond the nation-state, and represents a further demand: a progressive step for Kurds as well as for the people of the Middle East.